Laṇḍā scripts
Writing system
Landa scripts
Laṇḍā
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Script type | |
Time period
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10th-11th century CE |
Direction | left-to-right |
Related scripts | |
Parent systems
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Child systems
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Gurmukhi , Khudabadi , Khojki , Mahajani , Multani |
Sister systems
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Takri |
The theorised Semitic origins of the Brahmi script are not universally agreed upon.
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This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) . For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA . For the distinction between [ ] , / / and ⟨ ⟩ , see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters . |
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Brahmic scripts |
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The Brahmic script and its descendants |
Southern Brahmic
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The Laṇḍā scripts (from the term laṇḍā meaning "without a tail"), is a Punjabi word used to refer to writing systems used in Punjab and nearby parts of North India . [1] In Sindhi , it was known as 'Waniko' or 'Baniyañ'. [2] It is distinct from the Lahnda language varieties , which used to be called Western Punjabi.
Laṇḍā is a script that evolved from the Śāradā during the 10th century. It was widely used in the northern and north-western part of India in the area comprising Punjab , Sindh , Kashmir and some parts of Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . It was used to write Punjabi , Hindustani , Sindhi , Saraiki , Balochi , Kashmiri , Pashto , and various Punjabi dialects like Pahari-Pothwari .
Variants
There are at least ten ancient scripts that were classified as Laṇḍā scripts. They were often used as the mercantile scripts of the Punjab region . 5 of them have enough information to be supported in Unicode.
- Gurmukhī is used for Punjabi and sometimes for Sindhi . It evolved from Laṇḍā and is the only major Landa script in modern day usage. [3]
- Khojkī , an ecclesiastical script of the Isma'ili Khoja community, is within the Sindhi branch of the Landa family of scripts. [4]
- Khudabadi , formerly used for Sindhi , is a Laṇḍā-based script. [5]
- Mahājanī , a script previously used for the Punjabi and Mārwāṛī , is related to Laṇḍā. [6]
- Multani , formerly used for Saraiki , is a Laṇḍā-based script. [7]
References
- ↑ 中西 亮(Nakanishi, Akira) (1980-01-01). Writing systems of the world: alphabets, syllabaries, pictograms . Rutland, Vt.; Tokyo, Japan: C.E. Tuttle Co. pp. 50-51 . ISBN 0804812934 .
- ↑ Pollock, Sheldon; Raghunathan, Arvind (2003). Literary Cultures in History: Reconstructions from South Asia . University of California Press. p. 623. ISBN 9780520228214 .
- ↑ Pandey, Anshuman. (2010). L2/10-011R A Roadmap for Scripts of the Landa Family
- ↑ Pandey, Anshuman. (2011). L2/11-021 Final Proposal to Encode the Khojki Script
- ↑ Pandey, Anshuman. (2011). L2/11-022 Final Proposal to Encode the Khudawadi Script
- ↑ Pandey, Anshuman. (2011). L2/11-274 Proposal to Encode the Mahajani Script
- ↑ Pandey, Anshuman. (2012). L2/12-316 Proposal to Encode the Multani Script
Further reading
- Pandey, Anshuman. (2010). L2/10-271R Proposal to Encode the Sindhi Script
- Pandey, Anshuman. (2010). L2/10-013R Preliminary Proposal to Encode the Landa Script
- Pandey, Anshuman. (2009). L2/09-424 Proposal to Encode the Takri Script