Velar ejective affricate
Consonantal sound
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The velar ejective affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages . The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ kxʼ ⟩ . [kxʼ] is a common realization of a velar ejective often transcribed /kʼ/ , and it is rare for a language to distinguish /kʼ/ and /kxʼ/ , though several of the Nguni languages do so, [1] as well as the Northeast Caucasian language Karata-Tukita .
Features
Features of the velar ejective affricate:
- Its manner of articulation is affricate , which means it is produced by first stopping the airflow entirely, then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
- Its place of articulation is velar , which means it is articulated with the back of the tongue (the dorsum) at the soft palate .
- Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
- It is an oral consonant , which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- It is a central consonant , which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is ejective (glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping the glottis upward.
Occurrence
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning |
---|---|---|---|
Hadza | dla gg wa | [cʎ̝̥ʼakxʷ’a] | 'to cradle' |
Haida | ttsans kk aagid | [tsʼanskxʼaːkit] | 'beams' |
Karata-Tukita | [ example needed ] | ||
Xhosa | kr ola | [kxʼola] | 'inscribe ' |
See also
Notes
- ↑ The ejective articulation of the Nguni consonants is however quite light.