Mancetter
Human settlement in England
Mancetter | |
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St. Peter's parish church
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Location within
Warwickshire
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Population | 2,449 ( 2001 census ) [1] |
OS grid reference | SP3296 |
Civil parish |
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District | |
Shire county | |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | Atherstone |
Postcode district | CV9 |
Dialling code | 01827 |
Police | Warwickshire |
Fire | Warwickshire |
Ambulance | West Midlands |
UK Parliament | |
Website | Welcome to Mancetter Parish |
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Mancetter is a village and civil parish adjoined with, and on the southeastern outskirts of Atherstone in North Warwickshire , at the crossing of Watling Street over the River Anker . The population had reduced from 2,449 to 2,339 at the 2011 census . [2] It is situated on the B4111 road towards Hartshill and Nuneaton .
History
During Roman Britain a posting station was first built along Watling Street close to the river crossing, and a rectangular earthwork of this station is still extant. [3] The much larger legionary fortress of the Legio XIV Gemina was built here by about 50 AD, before the legion moved to Wroxeter in about 55. [4] Around the fortress grew the settlement of Manduessedum . [3] It is thought that Mancetter is the most likely location of the Defeat of Boudica , between an alliance of indigenous British peoples led by Boudica and a Roman army led by Gaius Suetonius Paulinus , although the exact location is unknown.
Mancetter does not appear in the Domesday Book of 1086 but in 1196 a Walter de Mancetter granted land to endow the parish church . [3] The chancel walls of the Church of England parish church of Saint Peter still include 12th century masonry. [3] The chancel and nave were remodelled early in the 13th century and the north aisle was added later in the 13th century. [3] The bell tower , the south aisle and the clerestorey of the nave all seem to have been added in the 15th century. [3] The south porch was added early in the 17th century. [3] Restoration work was carried out in 1876, 1911 and 1930, [3] and the Gothic Revival architect C.C. Rolfe may have undertaken restoration work in 1899. [5]
The tower has a peal of five bells , of which the oldest was cast about 1350, another early in the 16th century and the treble, tenor and third bell in the middle of the 17th century. [3] The advowson of St. Peter 's was impropriated by the Cistercian Abbey of Merevale in 1449. [3] Mancetter Manor is a timber-framed building dating from about 1330. [3] An intermediate floor was inserted in the great hall in about 1480 and the south wing was added in about 1580. [3] The central chinmeystack was probably inserted in the 17th century and small extensions to the house were made in the 18th and 19th centuries. [3]
Etymology
The modern name Mancetter is a reduced form of an old Celtic name Manduessedum , first recorded in the Antonine Itinerary in the 4th Century. [6] It is composed of a British element *mandu – ‘horse’ or ‘pony’ and a Gaulish *essedo - ‘horse chariot ’. [7] Although the first element is common in Gaulish names, the application of the second element to a place-name is obscure. The second element of the modern name is ultimately from the OE -ceaster – ‘a city, an old (Roman) fortification, Roman site’. By the time of the Norman Conquest in 1066 ceaster was probably pronounced roughly like modern "Chester". The form -cetter reflects the difficulty that some French-speaking Norman clerks had with the English sounds ch and st (compare also Exeter, Old English Escanceaster ).
Notable people
- John Sinclair (1860–1938), physician
References
- ↑ "Area: Mancetter CP (Parish): Parish Headcounts" . Neighbourhood Statistics . Office for National Statistics . Retrieved 21 April 2010 .
- ↑ "Civil Parish population 2011" . Retrieved 30 December 2015 .
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Salzman, 1947, pages 116-126
- ↑ Rome Against Caractacus, G. Webster. ISBN 0713472545 , P 49
- ↑ Saint, 1970
- ↑ Gover, et al., pages 85-86
- ↑ Rivet and Smith, pages 411-412
Sources
- Gover, J.E.B.; Mawer, A.; Stenton, F. (1936). The Place-names of Warwickshire (PDF) . The English Place-name Society. pp. 85–86. ISBN 0 521049 06 7 .
- Pevsner, Nikolaus ; Wedgwood, Alexandra (1966). The Buildings of England : Warwickshire . Harmondsworth: Penguin Books . pp. 346–347. ISBN 0 14 071031 0 .
- Rivet, A.L.E.; Smith, C. (1981). The Place-names of Roman Britain. (2nd ed.). London: Batsford. pp. 411–412. ISBN 0 7134 2077 4 .
- Saint, Andrew (1970). "Three Oxford Architects" . Oxoniensia . Oxfordshire Architectural and Historical Society . XXXV : 53 ff. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007 . Retrieved 3 November 2009 .
- Salzman, L.F. , ed. (1947). Victoria County History : A History of the County of Warwick, Volume 4 . pp. 116–126.
External links
- Atherstone-forum Mancetter and Athersone online forums
- List of volumes Survey of English Place-names
- Key to English Place-names