List of parson-naturalists
None
None
Parson-naturalists were ministers of religion who also studied natural history . The archetypical parson-naturalist was a priest in the Church of England in charge of a country parish, who saw the study of science as an extension of his religious work . The philosophy entailed the belief that God, as the Creator of all things, wanted man to understand his Creations and thus to study them through scientific techniques . [1] They often collected and preserved natural artefacts such as leaves, flowers, birds' eggs, birds, insects, and small mammals to classify and study. Some wrote books or kept nature diaries.
Parson-naturalists
Name | Dates | Description | Known for | Portrait |
---|---|---|---|---|
Turner, William [2] | 1508?–1568 | Dean of Wells Cathedral |
Herbalism
Libellus de Re Herbaria |
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White, Gilbert [3] | 1720–1793 |
Curate
of
Selborne
,
Hampshire
ornithology |
Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne |
![]() Probably not authentic |
Ray, John [4] | 1627–1705 |
Father of English
natural history
;
taxonomy ; empiricism |
Historia Plantarum |
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Derham, William [5] | 1657–1735 | Physico-Theology , ( Natural theology ) |
Estimated
speed of sound
Astronomy , listed nebulae |
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Lightfoot, John [6] | 1735–1788 |
Botanist
Conchologist |
Flora Scotica (1789) |
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Henslow, John Stevens [7] | 1796–1861 | Botanist, Geologist | Mentor and friend of his pupil Charles Darwin |
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Jenyns, Leonard [8] | 1800–1893 |
Priest, founder of Bath Natural History
and Antiquarian Field Club |
Phenology and meteorology observations | |
Fox, William Darwin [9] | 1805–1880 | Priest, Entomologist , collector of beetles | Tutored his second cousin Charles Darwin in natural history |
![]()
|
Tristram, Henry Baker [10] | 1822–1906 | Biblical scholar, Ornithologist |
Early acceptance of Darwinism,
tried to reconcile it with creation |
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Wood, John George [11] | 1827–1889 | Natural history populariser and lecturer | Common Objects of the Country |
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Dallinger, William [12] | 1839–1909 | Methodist minister, microbiology |
Research on
monads
Opposition to spontaneous generation |
|
Cowper, Spencer [13] | 1713–1774 | Dean of Durham 1746–1774 | Meteorology |
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Morris, Francis Orpen [14] | 1810–1893 |
Irascible Irish clergyman
Strongly opposed Darwinism & fox-hunting Campaigned for bird conservation law |
History of British Birds
A Bible Natural History Records of Animal Sagacity and Character Dogs and Their Doings |
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Bloxam, Andrew [15] | 1801–1878 |
Naturalist on
HMS
Blonde
Later priest and naturalist |
Recorded and collected Hawaiian birds,
some now extinct Later particularly known for fungi, Rubus and Rosa |
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Berkeley, Miles Joseph [16] | 1803–1889 |
Vicar of
Sibbertoft
for much of his life
Known as the founder of British mycology |
Account of native British fungi in Sir
William Jackson Hooker
's
British Flora
(1836)
Introduction to Cryptogamic Botany (1857) Outlines of British Fungology (1860) |
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Linton, William Richardson [17] | 1850–1908 | Botanist, Vicar of Shirley, Derbyshire |
Work on brambles of
Derbyshire
, including
Rubus durescens
Flora of Derbyshire: Flowering Plants, Higher Cryptogams, Mosses and Hepatics, Characeae |
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See also
References
- ↑ Armstrong, 2000.
- ↑ Raven, Charles E. 1947. English naturalists from Neckam to Ray: a study of the making of the modern world . Cambridge. p38
- ↑ Newton, Alfred (1900). "White, Gilbert" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography . Vol. 61. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- ↑ "Biography: John Ray" . UCMP Berkeley. Archived from the original on 16 March 2018 . Retrieved 31 March 2013 .
- ↑ Mabey, Richard (1986). Gilbert White. A biography of the author of The Natural History of Selborne . Century Hutchinson. p. 11.
- ↑ Boulger, George Simonds. DNB, 1885-1900, Volume 33: Lightfoot, John
- ↑ Jenyns, Leonard (1862). Memoir of the Rev. John Stevens Henslow . John Van Voorst.
- ↑ "The Life of Jenyns" . Archived from the original on 5 February 2006.
- ↑ Larkum, A.W.D. (2009). A Natural Calling: Life, Letters and Diaries of Charles Darwin and William Darwin Fox . Springer Verlag.
- ↑ Armstrong, 2000. p. 6
-
↑
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). " Wood, John George ". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
-
↑
Haas, J. W., Jr (January 2000). "The Reverend Dr William Henry Dallinger, F.R.S. (1839-1909)".
Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London
.
54
(1): 53–65.
doi
:
10.1098/rsnr.2000.0096
.
JSTOR
532058
.
PMID
11624308
.
S2CID
145758182
.
{{ cite journal }}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link ) - ↑ Kenworthy, Joan M; McCollum, Margaret S (March 2009). "A Contribution to Meteorology by Spencer Cowper, Dean of Durham 1746-74". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London . 63 (1): 57–80. doi : 10.1098/rsnr.2007.0047 . JSTOR 40647193 . S2CID 145590156 .
- ↑ Armstrong, 2000. pp. 74–78
- ↑ Berkeley, M.J. (1878). " The Rev. Andrew Bloxam: A Memoir ". The Midland Naturalist . 1 : 88–90.
- ↑ Massee, George (1913). "Miles Joseph Berkeley 1803—1889" . In Oliver, Francis Wall (ed.). Makers of British Botany . Cambridge University Press. pp. 225–232.
- ↑ Edees, Eric Smoothey (1963). "Notes on Derbyshire bramble" (PDF) . BSBI Proceedings . 5 : 13–19.
Bibliography
- Armstrong, Patrick (2000). The English Parson-naturalist: A Companionship Between Science and Religion . Gracewing Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85244-516-7 .