Executive protection
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Executive protection (EP), also known as close protection , refers to security and risk mitigation measures taken to ensure the safety of VIPs or other individuals who may be exposed to elevated personal risk because of their employment, high-profile status, net worth, affiliations or geographical location. [1]
Overview
Protective measures may include home security systems, bodyguards , armored vehicles and vehicle scramble plans, mail screening , private jet travel, background checks for other employees, and other precautions. [2] Executive protection may also provide security for immediate and/or extended family members to prevent kidnapping and extortion .
Executive protection [3] is its own highly specialized field within the private security industry. Elite executive protection professionals will have specialized training in executive protection, driving, first aid, and marksmanship. [1] [4]
The term executive protection was coined in the 1970s by the United States Secret Service when they created the Executive Protection Service to guard visiting foreign dignitaries. [5]
In the United States, executive protection services are regulated at the state level and in most cases require licensing, insurance, training and a separate concealed carry permit. [ citation needed ] Also, the Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act of 2004 (aka HR-218) does not serve as a license for off-duty law enforcement officers to provide executive protective services. Hiring unlicensed, uninsured protection services, including those offered by off-duty law enforcement officers, creates direct liability for the client. [ citation needed ]
Any bona fide executive protection firm should be able to provide a prospective client with their:
- State-issued Corporate Business License (HR-218 or status as a retired law enforcement officer does not replace this document)
- State-issued registration to provide protective services (HR-218 or status as a retired law enforcement officer does not replace this document)
- Copy of current liability insurance
- Personal certificates of initial and ongoing executive protection training for each agent
- State-issued registrations to provide protective services for each agent
- State-issued registrations allowing the agent to carry weapons for professional use. (HR-218 or status as a retired law enforcement officer does not replace this document)
- State-issued concealed carry permits for each agent (HR-218 may replace this document)
An executive protection team may have agents performing in a variety of roles to better protect the client, including:
- Detail Leader
- Assistant Detail Leader (Detail Manager)
- Tactical Commander
- Motorcade Lead
- Advance Lead
- Mobile Agent
- Static Agent
- Protective Intelligence Agent
Executive protection occasionally becomes an item of general public interest, usually when it fails. For example:
- On July 19, 2011, Rupert Murdoch was pied in London during a Parliamentary hearing.
- In 1998, Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates was pied in Belgium.
There are varying types of executive protection. They can generally be divided into the following categories:
- High-threat protection for dignitaries traveling internationally
- Corporate executive protection for high net-worth corporate officers
- Celebrity close protection
The defining characteristics among these categories are first, the amount of resources available for the task, and second the types of environments that they operate in on a routine basis. [6]
See also
References
- 1 2 Zelvin, Elizabeth (2011-11-19). "Executive Protection" . New York: Management Resources Ltd.
- ↑ Duffy, Daintry. "The Six Things You Need to Know About Executive Protection" Archived 2007-12-19 at the Wayback Machine . CSOonline, April 1, 2005. Accessed July 11, 2009.
- ↑ "VIP Protection | Vexillum Security" (in Greek). 2020-06-13 . Retrieved 2022-03-23 .
- ↑ Murphy, Debby (2020-04-27). "Various Specialties in the Security Field" . California: PWA.edu.
- ↑ June, Dale, Introduction to Executive Protection , page 86.
- ↑ Oatman, Robert (2006). Executive Protection: New Solutions for a New Era . Baltimore, Md.: Noble House. ISBN 978-1561679423 .
Further reading
- Aitch, Richard (2012). "Close Protection - A Closer Observation of the Protection Equation". London, UK. ISBN 978-0-9572075-0-9
- June, Dale (1998). Introduction to Executive Protection . Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press. 978-0849381287.
- Oatman, Robert (2006). Executive Protection: New Solutions for a New Era . Baltimore, Md.: Noble House. 978-1561679423.
- Braunig, Martha J. (1993). The Executive Protection Bible . Aspen, Colo.: ESI Education Development Corp. ISBN 978-0-9640627-0-2 .
- De Becker, Gavin (2002). Fear Less: Real Truth About Risk, Safety, and Security in a Time of Terrorism . Boston: Little, Brown. ISBN 978-0-316-08596-0 .
- De Becker, Gavin (1997). The Gift of Fear: Survival Signals That Protect Us from Violence . Boston: Little, Brown. ISBN 978-0-316-23502-0 .
- De Becker, Gavin, Thomas A. Taylor, and Jeff Marquart (2008). Just 2 Seconds: Using Time and Space to Defeat Assassins: with a Compendium of Attacks against at-Risk Persons . Studio City, Calif.: Gavin de Becker Center for the Study and Reduction of Violence. ISBN 978-0-615-21447-4 . [www.just2seconds.org]
- De Becker, Gavin (1999). Protecting the Gift: Keeping Children and Teenagers Safe (and Parents Sane) . New York: Dial Press. ISBN 978-0-385-33309-2 .
- Karlin, Susan (November 8, 2007). "Covering Your Assets" . Condé Nast Portfolio .
- Karlin, Susan (November 8, 2007). "How to Choose an Executive Protection Firm" . Condé Nast Portfolio .
- Karlin, Susan (December 9, 2007). "The Secret Weapon of the Stars" . ISRAEL21c.
- Kobetz, Richard W., ed. (1991). Providing Executive Protection . Executive Protection Institute. ISBN 978-0-9628411-0-1 , ISBN 978-0-9628411-1-8 .
- Kobetz, Richard W., ed. (1994). Providing Executive Protection, Volume II . : Executive Protection Institute. ISBN 978-0-9628411-1-8 .
- Oatman, Robert L. (1997). The Art of Executive Protection . Baltimore, Md.: Noble House. ISBN 978-1-56167-384-1 .
- Colliver,"Rick"R.E.(2011)."Principal Protection; Lessons learned". Dublin, Oh.: Terrapin Group Publications.
- Patrick Van Horne and Jason A. Riley (2014). "Left of Bang How the Marine Corps' Combat Hunter Program Can Save Your Life". New York, NY: Black Irish Entertainment LLC. ISBN 978-1-93689-130-6 .