Place
Atlantic Canada
, also called the
Atlantic provinces
(
French
:
provinces de l'Atlantique
), is the
region
of
Eastern Canada
comprising the
provinces
located on the
Atlantic coast
, excluding
Quebec
. The four provinces are
New Brunswick
,
Newfoundland and Labrador
,
Nova Scotia
, and
Prince Edward Island
. As of 2021, the landmass of the four Atlantic provinces was approximately
488,000
km
2
(188,000
sq
mi)
, and had a population of over 2.4 million people. The provinces combined had an approximate GDP of $121.888 billion
[1]
in 2011. The term
Atlantic Canada
was popularized following the admission of Newfoundland as a Canadian province in 1949.
History
French map of New France and Atlantic Canada, published around 1799
Historical map showing parts of Atlantic Canada
The first
premier of Newfoundland
,
Joey Smallwood
, coined the term "Atlantic Canada" when
Dominion of Newfoundland
joined Canada in 1949. He believed that it would have been presumptuous for Newfoundland to assume that it could include itself within the existing term "
Maritime provinces
," used to describe the cultural similarities shared by
New Brunswick
,
Prince Edward Island
, and
Nova Scotia
. The three Maritime provinces entered
Confederation
during the 19th century (New Brunswick and Nova Scotia were founding members of the Dominion of Canada in 1867, and Prince Edward Island joined in 1873).
Geography
Although Quebec has a physical Atlantic coast on the
Gulf of St. Lawrence
, it is generally not considered an Atlantic Province,
[
citation needed
]
instead being classified as part of
Central Canada
along with
Ontario
.
[
citation needed
]
Atlantic and Central Canada together are also known as
Eastern Canada
. The following tables use
Statistics Canada
's
2021 census data
.
Municipal geography
Municipality
Province
Metropolitan (CMA/CA) land area (km
2
)
Municipal land area (km
2
)
Urban (
population centre
) land area (km
2
)
References
Halifax
Nova Scotia
7,276.22
5,475.57
238.29
[2]
[3]
[4]
St. John's
Newfoundland and Labrador
931.56
446.02
178
[5]
[6]
[7]
Moncton
New Brunswick
2,562.47
140.67
110.73
[8]
[9]
[10]
Saint John
New Brunswick
3,505.66
315.59
70.05
[11]
[12]
[13]
Fredericton
New Brunswick
6,014.66
133.93
89.60
[14]
[15]
[16]
Cape Breton
Nova Scotia
2,457.21
2,419.70
30.91
[17]
[18]
[19]
Charlottetown
Prince Edward Island
1,112.43
44.27
57.56
[20]
[21]
[22]
Truro
Nova Scotia
2,732.53
37.52
31.52
[23]
[24]
[25]
New Glasgow
Nova Scotia
2,066.47
9.96
29.82
[26]
[27]
[28]
Bathurst
New Brunswick
2,100.05
91.62
27.92
[29]
[30]
[31]
Corner Brook
Newfoundland and Labrador
1,122.58
147.88
21.60
[32]
[33]
[34]
Miramichi
New Brunswick
7,564.06
178.98
27.78
[35]
[36]
[37]
Kentville
Nova Scotia
607.05
17.08
27.98
[38]
[39]
[40]
Edmundston
New Brunswick
1,582.36
106.84
19.06
[41]
[42]
[43]
Summerside
Prince Edward Island
125.12
28.21
16.97
[44]
[45]
[46]
Grand Falls-Windsor
Newfoundland and Labrador
54.84
54.84
12.34
[47]
[48]
[49]
Provincial geography
Flag of Prince Edward Island
Flag of Newfoundland and Labrador
Demographics
The following tables provide 2021 census figures for "
Metropolitan Areas
" (built from entire municipalities) and "
Population Centres
" (limited to actual continuously-built-up areas) in Atlantic Canada. The list includes communities above 15,000, by Metropolitan Area population, or 10,000 by Population Centre population.
Municipal populations
Municipality
Province
Type of Municipality
Population of Metropolitan Area (CA/CMA)
Population of Municipality
Population of Urban Area
References
Halifax
Nova Scotia
Municipality
465,703
439,819
348,634
[2]
[3]
[4]
St. John's
Newfoundland and Labrador
City
212,579
110,525
185,565
[5]
[6]
[7]
Moncton
New Brunswick
City
157,717
79,470
119,785
[8]
[9]
[10]
Saint John
New Brunswick
City
130,613
69,895
63,447
[11]
[12]
[13]
Fredericton
New Brunswick
City
108,610
63,116
64,614
[14]
[15]
[16]
Cape Breton
Nova Scotia
Municipality
98,318
93,694
30,960
[17]
[18]
[19]
Charlottetown
Prince Edward Island
City
78,858
38,809
52,390
[20]
[21]
[22]
Truro
Nova Scotia
Town
46,157
12,954
23,583
[23]
[24]
[25]
New Glasgow
Nova Scotia
Town
34,397
9,471
19,316
[26]
[27]
[28]
Bathurst
New Brunswick
City
31,387
12,157
15,985
[29]
[30]
[31]
Corner Brook
Newfoundland and Labrador
City
29,762
19,333
19,129
[32]
[33]
[34]
Miramichi
New Brunswick
City
27,593
17,692
11,594
[35]
[36]
[37]
Kentville
Nova Scotia
Town
26,929
6,630
14,905
[38]
[39]
[40]
Edmundston
New Brunswick
City
22,144
16,437
13,125
[41]
[42]
[43]
Summerside
Prince Edward Island
City
18,157
16,001
14,952
[44]
[45]
[46]
Grand Falls-Windsor
Newfoundland and Labrador
Town
13,853
13,853
11,986
[47]
[48]
[49]
References
↑
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.
Stats Canada
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Further reading
Hamilton, William Baillie (1996),
Place names of Atlantic Canada
, University of Toronto Press,
ISBN
0-8020-0471-7
MacEachern, Alan Andrew (2001),
Natural selections: national parks in Atlantic Canada
, McGill-Queen's University Press,
ISBN
0-7735-2157-7
Martinez, Andrew J; Martinez, Candace Storm (2003),
Marine Life of the North Atlantic: Canada to New England
, Aqua Quest Publications,
ISBN
1-881652-32-7
Prieur, Benoit (2005),
Atlantic Canada
, Ulysse Travel Publ,
ISBN
2894647239