Adipokine
Type of cytokines secreted by adipose tissue
The adipokines , or adipocytokines (Greek adipo- , fat; cytos- , cell; and -kinos , movement) are cytokines ( cell signaling proteins ) secreted by adipose tissue . Some contribute to an obesity-related low-grade state of inflammation or to the development of metabolic syndrome , a constellation of diseases including, but not limited to, type 2 diabetes , cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis . [1] The first adipokine to be discovered was leptin in 1994. [2] Since that time, hundreds of adipokines have been discovered. [3]
Members include:
- Leptin
- Adiponectin
- Apelin [4]
- chemerin [5]
- interleukin-6 (IL-6) [6]
- monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) [7]
- plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
- retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4)
- tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) [8]
- visfatin
- omentin
- vaspin (SERPINA12)
- progranulin
- CTRP-4
Interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 10 (IL-10), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and inducible protein 10 (IP-10 or CXCL10 ) have been shown to be associated with excessive body weight. [9]
See also
Notes
- ↑ Mancuso P (May 2016). "The role of adipokines in chronic inflammation" . ImmunoTargets and Therapy . 5 (2016): 47–56. doi : 10.2147/ITT.S73223 . PMC 4970637 . PMID 27529061 .
- ↑ Conde J, Scotece M, Gómez R, López V, Gómez-Reino JJ, Lago F, Gualillo O (2011). "Adipokines: BioFactors from white adipose tissue. A complex hub among inflammation, metabolism, and immunity". BioFactors . 37 (6): 413–420. doi : 10.1002/biof.185 . PMID 22038756 .
- ↑ Lehr S, Hartwig S, Sell H (2012). "Adipokines: a treasure trove for the discovery of biomarkers for metabolic disorders". Proteomics: Clinical Applications . 6 (1–2): 91–101. doi : 10.1002/prca.201100052 . PMID 22213627 . S2CID 19427071 .
- ↑ Guo L, Li Q, Wang W, Yu P, Pan H, Li P, Sun Y, Zhang J. Endocr Res. 2009;34(4):142-54.
- ↑ MacDougald1, Ormond A. and Burant, Charles F. (September 2007) "The Rapidly Expanding Family of Adipokines" Cell Metabolism 6: pp. 159-161
- ↑ Monzillo, Lais U. (2003) "Effect of Lifestyle Modification on Adipokine Levels in Obese Subjects with Insulin Resistance" Obesity Research 11(9): pp. 1048-1054
- ↑ Christiansen T., Richelsen B., and Bruun J.M. (2005) "Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is produced in isolated adipocytes, associated with adiposity and reduced after weight loss in morbid obese subjects" International Journal of Obesity 29: pp. 146–150
- ↑ Sethi JK, Hotamisligil GS (2021). "Metabolic Messengers: tumour necrosis factor" . Nature Metabolism . 3 (10): 1302–1312. doi : 10.1038/s42255-021-00470-z . PMID 34650277 . S2CID 238991468 .
- ↑ Sharabiani, MT; Vermeulen R; Scoccianti C; Hosnijeh FS; Minelli L; Sacerdote C; Palli D; Krogh V; Tumino R; Chiodini P; Panico S; Vineis P. (May 2011). "Immunologic profile of excessive body weight". Biomarkers . 16 (3): 243–51. doi : 10.3109/1354750X.2010.547948 . PMID 21506696 . S2CID 36127785 .
External links
- Adipokines at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Intercellular signaling peptides and proteins /
ligands
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Growth factors | |
Ephrin | |
Other | |
see also
extracellular ligand disorders
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